Physical Fitness Outcomes in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder Following Judo Training in Inclusive Settings with Neurotypical Peers

Background: Physical fitness plays an important role in healthy development; however, children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) typically demonstrate lower physical fitness levels than their neurotypical peers. This study examined changes in physical fitness during 10 months of judo training in inclusive groups. Methods: Ninety children and adolescents aged 7–14 years (36 with ASD and 54 neurotypical peers) participated. Physical fitness was assessed with the EUROFIT test battery at baseline and after 5 and 10 months of training. Results: Both groups significantly improved in overall physical fitness and in most individual tests. The Group × Time interaction was significant only for balance, flexibility, and the total EUROFIT (European Physical Fitness Test Battery) score; in the remaining tests, both groups changed at similar rates. Conclusions: Judo training conducted in inclusive groups may be a valuable form of physical activity for children and adolescents with ASD, as it was accompanied by improvements in physical fitness. The findings also support the feasibility of implementing judo programs in inclusive settings.