Perspectives toward quitting tobacco among tobacco users: a qualitative study

Background Tobacco use remains a significant public health challenge despite widespread awareness campaigns. Understanding the lived experiences and perspectives of tobacco users is crucial for developing effective cessation strategies.Objective To qualitatively examine the perceptions, experiences, and contextual factors influencing tobacco use and cessation attempts among adult tobacco users.Methods A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted using in-depth interviews with tobacco users visiting the outpatient department of a dental institute in Mangalore, India. Purposive sampling was employed to recruit participants aged 18 years and above who had been using tobacco for more than one year. Semi-structured interviews lasting 30–45 minutes were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed manually using thematic analysis.Results The study revealed complex motivations for tobacco initiation including peer influence, family modeling, curiosity, and stress management. Participants reported both positive perceived benefits (increased alertness, stress relief, improved concentration) and negative health consequences (reduced appetite, altered taste, oral discomfort). Cessation attempts were hindered by withdrawal symptoms, social triggers, and psychological dependence. Participants expressed concern for family members and desire to be positive role models as primary motivations for quitting.Conclusions Tobacco cessation is complicated by multifaceted psychological, social, and physiological factors. Comprehensive intervention programs addressing these complex needs, combined with early prevention education, are essential for effective tobacco control.