The breakup and atomization of liquid jets constitute a complex hydrodynamic phenomenon. To investigate the breakup and atomization characteristics of transverse jet in supersonic flow, the breakup and atomization process and structural characteristics of liquid column with different viscosity and Mach number in supersonic flow were studied based on STAR-CCM + software. The computational method of combining the volume of fluid (VOF) method with large eddy simulation (LES) was adopted, and the adaptive grid technology was applied to improve the simulation accuracy. The effects of physical parameters such as Mach number, Weber number and liquid viscosity on the jet atomization process were analyzed. The results show that with the increase of viscosity, the surface wave on the windward side of the liquid column will be suppressed, the peeling and breaking of the marginal ligament will be delayed, and the average diameter of the broken droplets on the liquid column is larger and their quantity is smaller. At the same time, the jet has a deeper penetration depth in the flow field, and the transverse diffusion range is narrower; The Mach number of air flow also has an important impact on the jet results. Higher Mach number will lead to the atomization and fragmentation of liquid column into more and finer droplets, resulting in more pronounced curvature of the jet trajectory.
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Wu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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