Development and Validation of the Teacher Victimization by Parents Scale

Parent-perpetrated teacher victimization is a growing concern, yet no validated instrument has been developed specifically to assess this phenomenon. This study developed and validated the Teacher Victimization by Parents Scale (TVPS) using a sample of South Korean public-school teachers (N = 488). Exploratory (n = 247) and confirmatory (n = 241) factor analyses supported a second-order four-factor structure comprising Severe Violations, Work Interference, Verbal Aggression, and Professional Undermining. The TVPS demonstrated excellent reliability (ω = .954) and evidence of convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity. Supplementary items indicated that Work Interference and Professional Undermining were perceived as most harmful to teachers’ well-being. The TVPS extends measurement by capturing challenges to professional authority and boundary violations, reflecting the Korean context. Implications for research and policy are discussed.