Organic Electroreductive Transformations

Comprehensive Summary As a green and efficient organic synthesis strategy, electrochemical reduction reactions have become an important method for constructing carbon‐carbon and carbon‐heteroatom bonds, owing to their unique advantages, including electrons serving as clean reducing agents, mild reaction conditions, controllable and adjustable potential, and favorable atom economy. They exhibit broad application prospects in fields such as the total synthesis of natural products, the preparation of pharmaceutical intermediates, and the synthesis of functional materials. Compared with traditional thermochemical reduction reactions, electrochemically driven reduction reactions can achieve selective regulation of reaction pathways by precisely controlling the electrode potential, thereby effectively avoiding side reactions, environmental pollution, and product separation difficulties caused by external reducing agents. Meanwhile, it can activate inert chemical bonds and accomplish transformations that are challenging to realize via traditional methods. This review systematically summarizes the recent research progress in electrochemical reduction reactions. Classified by substrate types, it elaborates on the reaction mechanisms, catalytic system design, and reaction selectivity regulation strategies of electrochemical reduction reactions involving different substrates. Additionally, the current challenges and future development directions in this field are prospected, providing a reference for the development and application of novel electrochemical reduction reactions.