Neuromorphic Quantum Computing: Integrated Bio-Inspired Spiking Networks with Room-Temperature Polarons and Non-Markovian Synaptic Plasticity

Contemporary computational intelligence confronts a dual thermodynamic barrier: classical deep learning accelerators are throttled by the von Neumann memory-bus bottleneck and megawatt-scale power consumption, while gate-based quantum processors remain confined to multi-kilowatt cryogenic dilution refrigerators operating at millikelvin temperatures. In contrast, the biological human brain executes high-dimensional perceptual synthesis and continuous learning within a tight thermal envelope of approximately 20 W at physiological temperatures (T ≈ 310 K), leveraging event-driven sparse spiking dynamics and sub-cellular vibronic transport mechanisms. This monograph formalizes the theoretical foundations and solid-state circuit architecture for a Quantum Spiking Neural Network (QSNN) powered by room-temperature polarons and biomimetic phononics: (1) We model artificial quantum neurons using non-linear exciton-polarons in lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and diamond acoustic metamaterial waveguides, demonstrating threshold-driven coherent optical-acoustic pulse emission (< 100 ps) operating at ambient temperature (300 K); (2) We formulate a Non-Markovian Quantum Synaptic Plasticity Model, proving that structured vibronic phonon modes act as an intrinsic temporal memory kernel supporting quantum Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (Q-STDP) with long-term retention (τ_ret > 10^3 s) without requiring cryogenic volatile refresh cycles; and (3) We derive the physical energy dissipation budget, proving that each quantum synaptic event consumes less than 1.8 fJ (femtojoules per spike)—three orders of magnitude below CMOS neuromorphic baselines. We establish non-equilibrium Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonians, synaptic update operators, and planar wafer-scale integration blueprints hosting 10^7 quantum neurons and 10^10 quantum synapses, establishing a non-von Neumann foundation for cryogen-free, brain-scale quantum cognitive computing.