Study on the Regulatory Mechanism of Postbiotics from Weizmann Bacillus coagulans MZY531 on AOM-DSS-induced Colorectal Cancer

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC), closely associated with chronic inflammation, represents a major global health challenge. Despite significant advancements in understanding CRC pathogenesis, effective preventive and therapeutic strategies remain limited. Purpose To investigate the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of postbiotics from Weizmann Bacillus coagulans MZY531 on AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods This study investigated the regulatory effects of postbiotics derived from Weizmann Bacillus coagulans MZY531 using an AOM/DSS-induced murine model of CRC. After establishment of the CRC model, the animals were orally administered the postbiotic preparation. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and carcinoembryonic antigen were measured, and colon tissues were analyzed histopathologically and through molecular techniques. Results Postbiotics from Weizmann B. coagulans MZY531 significantly reduced inflammatory cytokines and tumor markers in the serum. Histopathological examination revealed a reduction in inflammatory infiltration, crypt destruction, and goblet cell loss. Moreover, the treatment modulated key signaling pathways, including toll-like receptor 4/MyD88/NF-κB and miRNA-490-3p/TGF-β/Smad4 , which are involved in inflammation and tumor progression. Conclusion These findings suggest that postbiotics derived from Weizmann B. coagulans MZY531 can effectively alleviate inflammation-driven CRC and may offer a promising novel strategy for both the prevention and treatment of CRC.