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INTRODUCTION: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common malignant soft tissue tumor in children, with the alveolar subtype associated with an aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. Metastasis to the breast from RMS is extremely rare, particularly in preadolescent patients, and optimal local treatment strategies have not been established. CASE PRESENTATION: pathogenic variant. However, germline testing was not performed, and the clinical significance of this finding remains uncertain. Despite aggressive multidisciplinary treatment, the patient developed widespread metastatic disease and died approximately 4 years after the initial diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Breast metastasis from alveolar RMS is rare but should be considered in pediatric patients who present with breast masses after treatment. Surgical resection may contribute to local control and QOL in selected cases. Additional cases are needed to clarify the role of surgery and to establish optimal treatment strategies, particularly in patients with suspected hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes.
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Furukawa et al. (2026) studied this question.
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