Key result
Increasing age is linked to ~8% higher odds of pre-anesthesia blood pressure elevation.
Why the study?
Pre-anesthesia blood pressure elevation frequently occurs in normotensive elective surgical patients and may disrupt perioperative safety, but associated factors under different diagnostic thresholds are not well characterized.
Do increasing age, hyperlipemia, and preoperative anxiety increase the risk of pre-anesthesia blood pressure elevation in normotensive elective non-cardiac surgical patients?
Case-Control (n=528)
No
Do increasing age, hyperlipemia, and preoperative anxiety increase the risk of pre-anesthesia blood pressure elevation in normotensive elective non-cardiac surgical patients?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Increasing age, hyperlipemia, and preoperative anxiety are independently associated with pre-anesthesia blood pressure elevation, indicating a need for targeted preoperative evaluation and potential preventive strategies.
Background: Pre-anesthesia blood pressure (BP) elevation frequently occurs in normotensive elective surgical patients and may disrupt perioperative safety. This study adopted two mainstream diagnostic criteria (absolute and relative thresholds) to define BP elevation, and integrated physical, laboratory and psychological indicators to systematically explore relevant associated factors. Methods: This case-control study enrolling a total of 528 non-cardiac surgical patients. Patients were divided into case (elevated pre-anesthesia BP) and control (normal pre-anesthesia BP) groups. Pre-anesthesia BP elevation was defined as absolute threshold (systolic BP [SBP] ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP [DBP] ≥90 mmHg), and relative threshold (≥20% increase from baseline). Multivariable logistic regression was used to screen associated factors. Results: The incidence of pre-anesthesia BP elevation was 35.6% (n=188) under the absolute threshold and 28.2% (n=149) under the relative threshold. Multivariable analysis revealed that increasing age (absolute threshold: odds ratio [OR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.10, relative threshold: OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.04), hyperlipemia (absolute threshold: OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.84-3.86, relative threshold: OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.18-1.88) and anxiety (absolute threshold: OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.10-1.25, relative threshold: OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.13) were correlated with BP elevation under both definitions (all p < 0.01). Under the absolute threshold, body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03-1.21) and alcohol drinking (OR 2.74, 95% CI 1.55-4.84) were positively correlated (both p < 0.01), whereas prolonged sleep duration (2-4 hours: OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.15-0.95, 4-6 hours: OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.06-0.35, 6-8 hours: OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.04-0.34) was negatively correlated (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: Increasing age, hyperlipemia and preoperative anxiety are consistently associated with transient pre-anesthesia BP elevation under both criteria. Further studies are required to confirm causal links and verify whether intervening on these correlates can reduce perioperative BP fluctuations.
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Yang et al. (2026) conducted a case-control in Normotensive elective non-cardiac surgical patients (n=528). Increasing age was evaluated on Pre-anesthesia blood pressure elevation (absolute threshold ≥140/90 mmHg) (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.05-1.10, p=<0.001). Increasing age (OR 1.08), hyperlipemia, and preoperative anxiety were significantly associated with an increased risk of transient pre-anesthesia blood pressure elevation in normotensive surgical patients.
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