Key result
Stress and late nights are linked to hypertension, while exercise and produce intake show protection.
Why the study?
Hypertension affects a large population in Indonesia, with high prevalence in Central Java, but factors influencing its occurrence require clarification.
Do lifestyle factors such as stress, staying up late, exercise, and diet influence the occurrence of hypertension?
Case-Control (n=200)
Do lifestyle factors such as stress, staying up late, exercise, and diet influence the occurrence of hypertension?
Effect estimate: b= 1.59 for stress; b= -4.83 for fruit/vegetable consumption
p-value: p=<0.001
Lifestyle modification, including stress management, physical exercise, and increased fruit/vegetable consumption, is critical in reducing the incidence of hypertension.
Should not yet change practice; hypothesis-generating for prospective trials on lifestyle interventions in hypertension.
Hypertension is a global health threat affecting 1.4 billion people as of (2024), with a prevalence of 34.11% in Indonesia and reaching 37.57% in Central Java by early (2025). This observational analytic study, employing a case-control design (1:1), aims to identify the factors influencing hypertension. Conducted from February to March (2026), 200 subjects from Central Java were selected by fixed disease sampling utilizing an online questionnaire. The dependent variable was hypertension, while the independent variables included stress, staying up late,physical exercise,and fruit/vegetable consumption. Data were analyzed using multivariate path analysis. The resultsindicate that hypertension is significantly influenced by stress (b= 1.59; p< 0.001), staying up late (b= 0.72; p< 0.001), exercise (b= -0.064; p< 0.001), and fruit/vegetable consumption (b= -4.83; p< 0.001). Stress and staying up late were identified as primary risk factors, whereas exercise and fiber consumption acted as protective factors. These findings underscore the urgency of lifestyle modification and stress management in reducing the incidence of hypertension.
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Istyanto et al. (2026) conducted a case-control in Hypertension (n=200). Stress, staying up late, physical exercise, and fruit/vegetable consumption was evaluated on Occurrence of hypertension (b= 1.59 for stress; b= -4.83 for fruit/vegetable consumption, p=<0.001). Stress (b=1.59) and staying up late (b=0.72) were significant risk factors for hypertension, whereas exercise (b=-0.064) and fruit/vegetable consumption (b=-4.83) were protective (all P<0.001).
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