Histological and Immunohistochemical Assesment of the Potential Mitigating Effects of Platelet Rich Plasma Against Bleomycin-Induced Lung and Cardiac Toxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats

Background: Bleomycin (BL) is a well-known chemotherapy which has a major role in cancers ,but it also has some noxious effects on some organs especially lung which represents the most serious and potentially life-threatening adverse effect of the drug also on the heart leading to cardio toxicity. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) a biological product derivative from blood with high concentration of platelets suspended plasma,it is a biological product possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects ,it is recently used as a protective agent againt many diseases and toxins. Aim of the work: Assessment of the potential mitigating effects of Platelet Rich Plasma against Bleomycin-induced lung and cardiac toxicity in adult male albino rats. Materials: This research was performed on a number of 30 adult male rats equally divided into 3 groups :control ,BL group with once weekly intaperitoneal dose , BL +PRP with twice weekly intraperitoneal injection. The research was done in 4 weeks, at the end the lung and heart was taken and prepared for H& E ,Masson , immunhistochimical study. Results: BL markedly induced lung and heart destruction; inflammatory cellular infiltration, thickening of interalveolar septa, vascular congestion and subendothelial edema with widely separated cardiac muscle fibers were revealed, excessive collagen deposition, and increased expression of both BAX and TGF-β in the BL-treated group. In contrast, PRP treatment resulted in partial restoration of normal lung and heart histology, reduction of collagen accumulation, and downregulation of apoptotic and fibrogenic markers. Conclusion: Bleomycin is a highly toxic drug ,which should be used carefully, PRP is a safe antioxidant which could be used broadly .