Integrated Physiological Characterization and Multivariate Analysis Reveal Sulfate Salinity Tolerance in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genotypes

This dataset contains the raw physiological measurements, processed data, supplementary tables, and figure files supporting the manuscript entitled "Integrated Physiological Characterization and Multivariate Analysis Reveal Sulfate Salinity Tolerance in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genotypes". The dataset includes measurements of photosynthetic traits, chlorophyll pigments, water-use efficiency, leaf temperature, Composite Salinity Tolerance Index (CSTI), and the results of multivariate analyses including PCA, PLS-DA, Random Forest, hierarchical clustering, and ROC analysis. These data are provided to support the reproducibility and transparency of the published research.