Recycling Agricultural Waste to Improve Soil Fertility and Reduce Negative Environmental Impacts

This study provides a comparative theoretical analysis of agricultural waste conversion into soil amendments under the conditions of Uzbekistan. Crop residues, livestock manure and biodegradable farm by-products are evaluated as feedstocks for composting, vermicomposting, residue recycling and anaerobic digestion. Documentary analysis of local agronomic publications, Uzbek regulations and FAO materials identifies opportunities to replenish soil organic matter, recycle nutrients and avoid poorly managed waste disposal. The article develops an integrated implementation framework emphasizing source separation, process maturity, laboratory safety checks, nutrient planning and field monitoring. The findings represent evidence-based synthesis, not an original field trial; therefore, no unsupported yield or carbon-sequestration results are presented.