We derive Newton's gravitational constant G from first principles using measured proton parameters — mass, charge radius, and internal pressure — within the baryonic expansion framework. The result falls within a factor of two of the accepted value (6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N m² kg⁻²) with no adjustable parameters. The derivation identifies a confinement leakage factor k ≈ 10⁻³⁹, numerically equal to the ratio of gravitational to strong force coupling constants, suggesting that gravity is the strong force leaking through quark confinement — a novel resolution of the hierarchy problem
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Claude Robert Cahen (2026) studied this question.
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