Clinical Profile of Dry Eye Disease and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is an increasingly common multifactorial ocular illness, particularly in Asia. Comprehending the clinical features of local populations is crucial for focused treatment. This study assessed symptom load, meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), tear film characteristics, and participant characteristics, including age and sex, among patients with dry eye disease at a tertiary hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional review included 280 dry eye patients and 810 LipiView/ Lipi Flow data from a tertiary eye hospital in Bangladesh. OSDI, SPEED, MGD dropout, lipid layer thickness (LLT), Schirmer's test, and TBUT were among the variables. A descriptive analysis was carried out. Results: 59.3% of patients were female and aged 36 to 55. Eighty-five per cent of patients had mild-to-moderate MGD. In more than 90% of cases, TBUT was less than 10 seconds, and 97.1% had a lower tear meniscus height. The majority of LLT fell between 21 and 60 nm. While OSDI revealed 43.2% normal and 41.4% mild symptoms, severe SPEED scores (65.4%) indicated a significant symptom burden. According to LipiFlow results, 56.4% of patients who had treatment showed improvement. Conclusion: The majority of dry eye illness in this tertiary care population is caused by MGD and evaporation. Tear film instability is prevalent, and the burden of symptoms is significant. The results confirm Bangladesh's need for better-focused treatments and early screening. J.Natl.Inst.Ophthalmol.2025;8(1):10-14