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(Abstracted from JAMA Pediatr 2017;171(10):948–956) Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term for the wide range of adverse effects to the developing fetus when exposed to alcohol during pregnancy, some of which are lifelong. The severity and type of defects induced by FASD are affected by the age of embryo at exposure, pattern of exposure, and dose; however, other factors including genetic background, maternal age, and environmental influences also appear to impact susceptibility.
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Lange et al. (2018) studied this question.
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