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), its exciton lifetime (∼514 ps) is significantly longer than that of P2 (∼162 ps). This results in a substantially higher exciton diffusion length for P1 (21.1 nm) compared to P2 (12.3 nm). Furthermore, charge transfer (CT) states in the blend film of donor/P1 dissociate more rapidly than those in the donor/P2 film. Additionally, we find that carrier recombination in donor/P1 and donor/P2 films is dominated by geminate recombination in ultrafast time scale, and the use of P1 can suppress carrier recombination. Optimized morphology, enhanced exciton diffusion, accelerated CT dissociation, and suppressed carrier recombination collectively contribute to a higher power conversion efficiency achieved by the donor/P1 solar cell.
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Zhang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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