Climate Change and Temperature‐Based Stratification in Shallow Lakes and Ponds in Warm Climate Regions

Thermal stratification in shallow lakes (< 5 m, > 5 ha) and ponds (< 5 m, < 5 ha) in warm climate regions is understudied. A comprehensive review was done to identify the effects of climate change on stratification patterns, their effects on the ecology of shallow waterbodies and implications for management of shallow waterbodies. Studies revealed that periods of hot and still weather in warm climates can rapidly led to anoxia in water column and sediments, altering habitat conditions for species that require dissolved oxygen to survive. This study developed generalized hypothetical models that predict consequences of global warming on small shallow waterbodies in warm climate regions, and the effects of prolonged stratification in small shallow waterbodies. Empirical studies are needed to understand the triggers for threshold changes. This will provide a better understanding of changes in thermal stratification patterns in small shallow waterbodies within warm climate regions, and potential management responses to prevent negative impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem function.