Global carbon dioxide emissions from 1750 to 2022: the CDIAC-FF annual product

Spanning from 1750 to nearly the present day, the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center fossil fuel (CDIAC-FF) dataset quantifies carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere by fuel type and economic sector for countries around the world. This paper updates the long-standing CDIAC-FF dataset to 2022 and includes methodological updates. While global emissions continue to increase, driven primarily by increased combustion in China, India, and Indonesia, emissions from other large emitters have slowed or even in some countries decreased. When emissions are separated by economic sector, electricity and heat generation is the largest sector, followed by manufacturing and construction, and then road transport, suggesting areas of large potential reductions. During the 2020 pandemic most countries showed reductions in emissions, with the largest decrease in the aviation sector, although most nations returned to pre-pandemic values by the following year. The database also allows insight into historical changes, such as reduced emissions following the division of Germany in 1945, the Soviet Union in 1991, and Yugoslavia in 1992. A robust dataset of carbon dioxide emissions is central to understanding past emission trends and the potential avenues for reductions in the future.