Smart GNSS Integrity Monitoring for Road Vehicles: An Overview of AI Methods

Integrity monitoring is a key criterion for achieving robust and safe navigation systems. This work explores two integrity frameworks: the classical methods and their respective evolution towards the road vehicle urban scenario, and the artificial intelligence-based methods, where the monitoring process is accomplished by data analysis and learning techniques. In most cases, machine learning outperforms traditional models, which are often observed under controlled, non-real-time conditions, by employing simple algorithms that may have limited success in real-world applications. An overview is provided on how these algorithms have been used, including a comparison of their characteristics and performances, offering insights into how they can evolve and possible future directions to achieve more reliable solutions.