Community Mental Health Service Siting After Flood Displacement and Antenatal Depression Detection in Mozambican Districts: A Difference-in-Differences Evaluation

Flood displacement in Mozambique repeatedly relocates pregnant women away from fixed community mental health facilities, yet the detection of antenatal depression depends on where services are sited relative to displaced populations. The framework treats service siting as a treatment whose effect on depression detection is identified from differential exposure of districts to post-flood relocation of community health workers and clinics. Using a real DHS Program indicator on fertility knowledge (N = 154 country-survey observations, 38 African countries, 1986-2025; mean 27.756, SD 9.876), the paper calibrates the scale of reproductive-health knowledge variation against which detection effects would operate. The analysis specifies the parallel-trends assumption, the treatment definition, the estimator, and the threats to identification that arise when displacement is endogenous to service placement. The contribution is a transferable evaluation design that makes siting decisions testable rather than assumed, and that treats antenatal depression detection as a measurable outcome of geographic access rather than a byproduct of clinical contact.