This study analyzes the role of Islamic leadership in the distribution of qardhul hasan financing by Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data in the form of papers on the role of Islamic leadership, qardhul hasan financing, and BMT. The sample was filtered through metadata screening downloaded from Scopus, totaling 81 documents from 2006-2026 from a population of approximately 195 documents. Metadata was analyzed bibliometrically before the papers were analyzed using a systematic literature review (SLR). The results show that Islamic leadership significantly influences the effectiveness of Sharia-based social fund management. Values such as amanah (trust), justice, and maqāṣid al-sharīʿah (obligatory obligations) shape an employee work culture oriented towards social benefits. Islamic leaders are able to implement three main strategies: business assistance for non-performing creditors, extending debt payments based on the principle of justice, and investing qardhul hasan funds into productive waqf for healthy businesses. These three strategies reduce the risk of non-performing loans and strengthen the social function of BMT as a microfinance institution that plays a role in empowering the local economy. This study confirms that Islamic leadership is the main foundation for the sustainability of qardhul hasan financing in Indonesia.
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Prasetyo et al. (2026) studied this question.
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