Associations of visceral adipose tissue leptin and peptide hormones with metabolic disorders in abdominal obesity

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Aim. To evaluate the associations between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) leptin and peptide hormones and metabolic disorders in abdominal obesity (AO). Material and methods . The study included 101 individuals aged 25–65 years. Patients completed questionnaires, underwent anthropometric measurements, triple blood pressure measurement, as well as fasting venous blood sampling and VAT biopsy collection during elective surgery. Blood lipid profile parameters and glucose levels were determined using enzymatic methods. Homogenates were prepared from the VAT biopsies. Amylin, C-peptide, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), ghrelin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), secretin, and leptin levels in blood and adipose tissue homogenates were measured using multiplex assay. Sex hormone levels in blood (estradiol in women, testosterone in men) were measured in all patients using ELISA kits. Results. A direct correlation was established between blood amylin levels and its content in VAT, as well as between serum and VAT leptin levels. A direct association was revealed between VAT leptin content and metabolic indices (TyG and LAP), as well as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). VAT leptin content was directly associated with WC, BMI, and AO after adjustment for sex, age, glucose, and triglyceride levels, which persisted in females. The odds of having a LAP index ≥ 32 increased by 2.2 % per 1 ng/g increase in adipose tissue leptin content. Conclusions. Leptin content was directly associated with anthropometric indicators of obesity (WC, BMI), and this pattern persisted in females. The odds of having a LAP index ≥ 32 increased by 2.2 % per 1 ng/g increase in adipose tissue leptin content.