Reinforcing the flexural strength of 3D printed resins through incorporation of additives: Systematic review

3D printing or additive manufacturing that makes products using computer aided design (CAD) with single step that eliminates the need for long conventional techniques steps and molding in laboratories.to evaluate the current state of knowledge on different types of previously studied fillers used to reinforce 3D printed resins. The search of database included (PubMed databases, Science Direct and Google Scholar) was performed, the elegibity criteria involved published articles in English between 2010 and May of 2023. For study selection, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist were used to identify studies. The modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trails (CONSORT) checklist was used to clarify the risk of bias in these studies. Due to the presence of many variables in the included studies and different methodologies, only descriptive statistics was used for data analysis.out of 234 studies that were initially enrolled in this studies, only nine studies that were by the inclusion criteria and were involved in the systematic review. The studies that were included involved different nano fillers including SiO₂, ZrO₂, Zwitterion, Zinc Oxide, CNCs-AgNPs, aminated nanodiamonds, nano silver-loaded zirconium phosphate and graphene nanoplatelets. Most of the incorporated fillers had a statistically significant increase in the flexural strength when incorporated with the correct concentration and distribution. Incorporating nanofillers could improve 3D printing resins flexural strength. The material used was not the only factor that affects the flexural strength of the resins, size, type and concentration of the nanofillers also affect the strength of 3D printing resins