Daily blood pressure profile, arterial stiffness in men and women with arterial hypertension and prediabetes: gender differences and peculiarities

Objective. To determine the peculiarities of the diurnal profile of blood pressure (BP), parameters of the arterial stiffness and central pressure in the aorta in men and women with arterial hypertension (HTN) and prediabetes. Design and methods. A group of 146 patients with uncontrolled HTN and prediabetes was formed for one-stage analysis: 68 men and 78 women. All patients underwent general clinical examination including the assessment of anthropometric parameters, office BP, daily BP monitoring with analysis of the main parameters during day and night, central aortic pressure (CAP) parameters and arterial stiffness. Statistical analysis was performed using StatTech software v. 4.8.0 (StatTech LLC, Russia). Results. At baseline, women were older than men and had more pronounced disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, while diastolic BP and heart rate were higher in men (p < 0,05). According to the results of daily BP monitoring, men had higher daytime and night diastolic BP values and lower pulse BP values compared to women (p < 0,05). Similar differences were registered in the analysis of CAD parameters. Higher values of pulse wave velocity were found in men: 10,98 ± 0,9 versus 10,5 ± 0,7 m/s in women (p < 0,05). Conclusion. In comorbid HTN and prediabetes, higher levels of office, daytime and nighttime, aortic diastolic BP and lower pulse BP were registered in men compared to women. Pulse wave velocity was significantly higher in men than in women. These differences should be taken into account when choosing antihypertensive therapy to ensure effective control of office BP, as well as organoprotection, in particular, vasoprotection.