Preprint reporting three preregistered studies (Studies 4–6 of the Affect Under Constraint series) on Qwen3-4B. Stored hostility-steered, control and unsteered reasoning traces were replayed with identical tokens across conversational placements. A hostility trace lowered the model's later rating of the user when it occupied the model's current thinking block (−0.66 on a 0–9 scale) but not when quoted within a user message (Study 4); the effect persisted, attenuated, when the trace sat in a previous assistant turn as visible reply or retained thinking (−0.24 each; Study 5); and it remained when every trace source received identical answer tokens (−0.65 in current thinking; answer-replacement contrast −0.01; Study 6). The pattern held, somewhat reduced, after excluding traces with explicit user-directed content. Results are limited to one model and stimulus set and do not establish subjective affect or a unique mechanism.
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Arthur Su (2026) studied this question.
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