Training, Competence, and HSE as Determinants of Worker Performance: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction in Mining Companies

The mining sector plays a strategic role in Indonesia’s economy but faces persistent challenges related to workforce quality and occupational safety. This study examines the effects of training, competence, and health, safety, and environment (HSE) on worker performance, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable, among mining workers in Bangka Belitung, Indonesia. Using a quantitative survey of 200 respondents, the data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that training, competence, and HSE positively and significantly influence job satisfaction. Training, HSE, and job satisfaction also have significant positive effects on worker performance, whereas competence has no significant direct effect on performance. Job satisfaction mediates the relationships of training, competence, and HSE with worker performance. The findings indicate partial mediation for training and HSE, while competence influences worker performance indirectly through job satisfaction. This study contributes to human resource management literature by demonstrating the different pathways through which human resource practices relate to worker performance in the mining sector. Practically, the findings highlight the importance of integrating training, competence development, and HSE practices with initiatives to enhance job satisfaction and improve worker performance.