Awareness and Perceptions of Malocclusion Among Libyan Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in Zawia City, Libya

Background: The study aimed to assess the levels of self-reported awareness and perceptions concerning malocclusion aetiology, complications, preventive measures, and its perceived impact on dental aesthetics and oral health among adolescents in Zawia City, Libya. Method: A descriptive, school-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving 610 adolescents in 2026. Data were collected using a validated 31-item self-administered questionnaire evaluating self-perceived awareness and perceptions regarding malocclusion(Cronbach's alpha = 0.72).Results: Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics in SPSS v.26. Findings indicated generally low-to-moderate awareness across most domains. Participants showed moderate awareness of malocclusion identification (mean = 1.68), causes (mean = 1.74), and complications (mean = 1.70). Awareness of malocclusion-related problems (mean = 1.54) and preventive measures (mean = 1.49) was low, particularly regarding functional and aesthetic consequences. In contrast, awareness of the benefits of orthodontic treatment was high (mean = 2.61), with improving smile appearance receiving the highest score (2.81 ± 0.52).In conclusion, adolescents demonstrated limited awareness of malocclusion prevention and its consequences despite recognizing the benefits of orthodontic treatment. Targeted oral health education programs are recommended to improve awareness and promote early prevention of malocclusion.