Assessment of the Current Public Administration Mechanism for Achieving Technological Leadership of the Russian Federation: Functioning Problems and Directions for Improvement

The subject of the research is the current public administration mechanism for achieving technological leadership of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the research is determined by the need for a critical assessment of public policy tools under sanctions pressure and structural economic transformation, which requires a transition from reactive import substitution to a proactive technological sovereignty strategy. The aim of the study is to comprehensively assess the current mechanism, identify systemic barriers to its functioning, and substantiate directions for its improvement. The methods used include comparative and systemic analysis, content analysis of the regulatory framework and expert positions, as well as methods of typologization and generalization. As a result of the study, the effectiveness of the mechanism is assessed, and three clusters of barriers (administrative, economic, and infrastructural) constraining the transition from import substitution to technological leadership are identified, which confirms the scientific and practical significance of the study. The scientific novelty lies in substantiating the need to change the paradigm of state intervention: from direct subsidizing and quantitative substitution to a model of innovation risk-sharing and qualitative generation of breakthrough macro-technologies. It is concluded that the current mechanism is partially effective and requires evolution through the introduction of a risk-oriented approach in procurement, scaling of offset contracts, and institutionalization of export technological alliances.