The impact of artificial intelligence and data science on construction and architectural management systems: the mediating role of the technological environment

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and data science (DS) capabilities on the performance of construction and architectural management systems (CAMS), with technological environment (TE) operating as a mediating variable. Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire survey was administered to professionals engaged in construction-related intelligent systems and software development activities in China. A total of 285 usable responses were retained for analysis. The data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypothesised relationships among AI, DS, TE and CAMS performance. Findings The empirical results indicate that both AI and DS capabilities have positive and statistically significant effects on CAMS performance. The TE partially mediated these relationships, indicating that well-developed digital infrastructure, interoperability and data governance mechanisms significantly enhance the performance outcomes of AI- and DS-enabled CAMS. Practical implications The findings highlight the importance of strengthening technological readiness within construction and architectural management organisations. Firms should prioritise investments in interoperable TE infrastructure, integrated DS platforms and workforce capability development to fully realise the operational efficiency, cost control accuracy, risk forecasting reliability and lifecycle asset management benefits of AI- and DS-enabled CAMS. Originality/value This study contributes to the construction and architectural management literature by empirically demonstrating that the TE mediates the relationship among AI capability, DS capability and CAMS performance. It provides sector-specific insights to guide structured digital transformation strategies within project-based CAMS.