Five pediatric patients not known to be immunocompromised developed severe posterior segment herpes simplex virus-2 ocular disease at a median age of 13 years. Presentations mimicked noninfectious uveitis, optic neuritis, vasculitis and necrotizing retinitis, often delaying diagnosis. Intraocular polymerase chain reaction confirmed herpes simplex virus-2 in 4. Visual morbidity, retinal detachment and the requirement for surgical intervention were common, supporting early polymerase chain reaction testing, antiviral therapy and surveillance.
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Huynh et al. (2026) studied this question.
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