Rekonstruksi Kehadiran Pastoral di Tengah Perkembangan Artificial Intelligence dalam Pelayanan Gereja

The development of Artificial Intelligence has changed the pattern of communication and ministry of the church, including the practice of pastoring in virtual spaces. This research aims to reconstruct the concept of pastoral presence in the AI era and formulate a pastoral model that remains rooted in the relational and spiritual character of Christian ministry. The research uses a library research method with a theological-contextual qualitative approach through a literature analysis on pastoral theology, digital pastoral, and AI in church life. The results of the study show that AI can expand and strengthen pastoral ministry, but it cannot become a pastoral subject or replace human relations. This research offers a Relational–Spiritual–Ethical–Transformative Pastoral Presence model, which places relationality as the foundation, spirituality as orientation, ethics as boundaries, and transformation as the goal of pastoring.