This study analyzes the role of the church in responding to various social problems in Indonesia through a transformative ministry approach. It proceeds from the understanding that the church is called not only to perform spiritual and liturgical functions but also to exercise social responsibility by embodying the values of the Kingdom of God in society. The study employs a qualitative method with a library research approach by analyzing books, scholarly journal articles, and academic documents relevant to the church's social ministry. The findings show that the church can serve as an agent of social transformation through education and character formation, economic empowerment, community accompaniment, peacebuilding, social advocacy, and humanitarian service. Transformative ministry requires a shift from an exclusively charitable pattern toward forms of ministry that empower communities as subjects of change. Such ministry should be contextual, inclusive, participatory, collaborative, and sustainable in response to the needs of Indonesia's diverse society. The study implies that the church can strengthen the relevance of its Christian witness by integrating spiritual ministry and social responsibility so that its presence contributes concretely to greater capacity, independence, solidarity, and quality of life in society.
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RK et al. (2026) studied this question.
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