Experimental Work on Teaching Mathematics in Primary Classes in the 12th Year Education System

The article presents the results of an experimental study on teaching mathematics in primary school within the framework of the transition to a 12-year education system. The main objective of the research is to experimentally verify the effectiveness of methodological approaches based on a competency-based framework, practice-oriented learning, and the use of modern pedagogical and digital technologies. The experimental work was conducted at a general secondary school in Osh city and involved 50 second-grade students. The research methods included classroom observation, diagnostic tasks, analysis of students’ written work, and comparative analysis. The experimental instruction incorporated real-life mathematical problems, the 5E instructional model, interactive teaching methods, and digital educational resources. The findings demonstrate that competency-based instruction significantly enhances mathematical literacy, logical thinking, and the development of functional competencies in primary school students.