Meaningful changes in social relationships for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities: through their lens

This study examined changes in social relationships among adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities receiving home-based support. Using a multiple case study and participant-driven photo-elicitation, seven people documented shifts in their social networks over six months. Four categories of change emerged: loss of contact, meeting new people, strengthening ties, and unsuccessful attempts to connect. These changes were shaped by emotional experiences, contextual factors (e.g., transport, living environment, COVID-19), and others’ actions. While intentional efforts such as joining activities or using dating platforms sometimes led to new connections, chance events and environmental shifts often played a greater role. The findings highlight the agency of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and underscore the importance of inclusive, supportive environments. Personal relationships appear to be a dynamic process influenced by personal, relational, and structural factors. The study also demonstrates the value of photo-elicitation in amplifying the voices of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.