Significance of Species of Mulberry Leaves with Reference to their Medicinal Value

Mulberry leaves (Morus spp.) have gained considerable attention nutrition, traditional medicine, pharmaceuticals, and sustainable agriculture. the cultivation and propagation of mulberry plants, the major species used. cultivated in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions, particularly for sericulture and silkworm nutrition. Their propagation through seeds, stem cuttings, and grafting supports the development of cultivars with desirable agronomic and phytochemical characteristics. Several species, including Morus alba, Morus nigra, and Morus rubra. Mulberry leaves contain polysaccharides, vitamins, and minerals. Among these constituents, 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), rutin, quercetin derivatives, and chlorogenic acid have attracted interest because of their potential metabolic and antioxidant effects. Reported pharmacological activities include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and lipid-regulating effects. Despite encouraging findings from laboratory and animal studies, variations in plant species, cultivation conditions, extraction methods, and compound concentrations complicate comparisons between studies. mulberry leaves represent a promising botanical resource, although stronger clinical evidence is required to establish their safety, efficacy, and appropriate therapeutic applications.