Organizational Resilience in Lebanese Governmental Hospitals During Compounded Crises: A Convergent Mixed-Methods Study

Lebanon's public hospitals have operated through more than five years of overlapping crises — currency collapse, the COVID-19 pandemic, the Beirut port explosion, mass displacement, cholera, and armed conflict — while remaining the provider of last resort for populations that private facilities decline. How organizational resilience is produced under such conditions, and whether standard resilience instruments capture it, remain poorly understood. This study aimed to describe how senior decision-makers sustain organizational continuity during compounded crises, to assess organizational resilience across the governmental hospital sector, and to examine the extent to which qualitative and quantitative findings converge or provide complementary insights.