Peel-Off Gel Mask Formulation of Senna alata Leaves Ethanol Extract and Antibacterial Activity Evaluation

Acne is a skin disorder in tropical regions, including Indonesia, associated with Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Interest in treatments has increased the use of Senna alata (S. alata) leaves with antibacterial potential. This study formulated a peel-off gel mask from 96% ethanol extract of S. alata leaves and evaluated its physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity. The 96% ethanol extract of S. alata leaves was obtained through maceration, with the formula concentrations were 5%, 10%, and 20%. Physicochemical evaluations included organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesiveness, viscosity, drying time, and irritation testing. Antibacterial activity was tested using agar well diffusion. All formulations showed acceptable physicochemical characteristics, stable pH (6.86), and homogeneity. The spreadability is 5.87±0.09–6.83±0.12 cm, adhesiveness is 11.67±0.47–22.33±0.94 seconds, viscosity is 3,585±0.60–10,379±1.76 mPa·s, and the drying time is 16.61±1.04–21.00±2.17 minutes. Mild erythema appeared in four subjects after applying the 20% formulation but resolved within 24 hours. The inhibition zones from 1.33±0.40–3.68±1.73 mm (weak) against P. acnes and 3.47±1.25–8.38±1.65 mm (weak to moderate) against S. aureus. It indicates that S. alata extract incorporated into a peel-off gel system produces formulations with acceptable physicochemical properties and measurable, although limited, antibacterial activity.