Organizational AI orientation, AI self-efficacy and value co-creation: a human-AI collaboration perspective in healthcare

Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) is vital to healthcare system transformation. Existing research mainly focuses on the macro-level technological empowerment of AI, yet insufficiently explores how healthcare organizations’ strategic commitment to AI translates into better medical service outcomes through individual psychological mechanisms. Design/methodology/approach From the perspective of human-AI collaboration, we utilize survey data collected from medical staff working in Chinese medical institutions to examine the mediating mechanisms and boundary conditions linking organizational AI orientation and AI value co-creation outcomes. Findings Drawing on social cognitive theory, the results reveal that healthcare organizations’ AI orientation is positively related to medical staff’s AI value co-creation outcomes, and AI self-efficacy mediates this relationship. Moreover, their creative self-efficacy positively moderates the relationship between AI self-efficacy and AI value co-creation. Originality/value This study clarifies the micro-level transmission paths between organizational AI orientation and medical staff’s value co-creation outcomes. It provides new insights for hospitals to enhance medical service quality and optimize human-AI collaboration during AI-driven healthcare organizational transformation.