Clinical Applications of Aushadha Sevana Kala: An Ayurveda Chronotherapeutic Approach

Background: Aushadha Sevana Kala (the appropriate timing of drug administration) is a unique concept in Ayurvedic therapeutics.Except for Nishi and Muhurmuhu remaining, all Sevana Kala are associated with the meal (bhojana) of the patient.The number of Aushadha Sevana Kala stated by different texts is 10, except for 11 by Vriddha Vagbhata and 5 by Sharangdhara.Although references to Aushadha Sevana Kala are available in several classical Ayurvedic texts, its conceptual basis has not been comprehensively explored.Aim and objective of the study: To review and explore the theoretical and clinical significance of Pragbhakta Aushadha Sevana Kala.Objectives: 1.To review references of Pragbhakta Aushadha Sevan Kala. 2. To compare the description of Pragbhakta Aushadha Sevana Kala from classical texts.3. To critically analyze and establish clinical relevance of Pragbhakta Aushadha Sevana Kala in Ayurveda practice.Methods: A comprehensive review of classical Ayurvedic texts, including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Sangraha, Ashtanga Hridaya, Sharangadhara Samhita, and Kashyapa Samhita, along with relevant review articles on Aushadha Sevana Kala, was undertaken to analyze the rationale and therapeutic importance of Pragbhakta administration of drugs.Result: The term Pragbhakta is derived from "Prak" (prior, before) and "bhakta" (meal/food intake), denoting the administration of medicine before food intake.It is also termed as Prakbhojana, Annadau, Bhuktadau, Bhojanagre, etc.It is indicated in Apan vayu vikruti, Adhah kaya vyadhi, Krushikaran, Shishu, Vruddha, Krushanga, Sthula, etc. Administration of medicine before meals allows it to become the primary target of Agni, hence digested easily, reduces balakshaya of rugna, prevents premature expulsion of the medicine due to Anna avarana.Conclusion: Pragbhakta Aushadha Sevana Kala is indicated in Apan vayu vikruti, Adhah kaya baladhanartha, Adhah kaya vyadhi, Krushikaran, Shishu, Vruddha, Bhiru, Krushanga, Durbala and Sthula.This review provides a comprehensive understanding of Pragbhakta Aushadha Sevana Kala, thereby supporting its evidence-informed application in Ayurvedic practice and research.