Domestic healthcare in national projects of the Russian Federation: problems and prospects

The article analyzes the content and summarizes the discussion related to the problem of protecting the health of Russian citizens, as well as state management of health-saving mechanisms for the population of the Russian Federation. The most important form of such regulation is national projects that “make people’s lives better in our country, cover all important areas and are implemented in all regions without exception”. Turning to the history of national projects in Russia, the author notes that Russia's national projects are large-scale government programs aimed at developing key areas of society. The beginning of the implementation of National Projects in our country dates back to the first years of the new millennium, when numerous concepts were actively developed, and the first instrument for the integrated solution of target tasks since 2002 was the federal target programs for the strategic development of the country, and since January 1, 2006, the implementation of four national projects began in Russia. One of them was the Health project, which provided for increasing the availability and quality of medical care, training medical specialists, providing additional payments to doctors and medical staff, building high-tech medical technology centers, etc. In general, the new format of priority development in the form of national projects has proved its effectiveness – new schools and kindergartens have been built, federal research centers have been established, mortality has decreased and life expectancy has increased, mortgage lending has become accessible to the general population, agriculture has made a powerful breakthrough. However, a number of indicators announced in various projects related to health and healthcare have not yet been achieved. On the one hand, the effectiveness of the implementation of priority national projects depends on such important factors as the organization of management, financing and information support. On the other hand, the process of implementing national projects in Russia inevitably involves significant risks. The author reduces these risks to four interrelated groups, which are also identified by many researchers. The first group includes risks associated with lack of formation, or rather, with insufficient coordination of various elements of the national and regional project management system. The second group consists of risks associated with the ambiguity of indicators for the implementation of national projects, the regularity of their monitoring and assessment methods. The third group of risks is related to the financial support of national projects. The fourth group includes the risks associated with the regulatory and staffing provision of national projects – the duration of the formation of the regulatory framework necessary for the effective implementation of the national project.