Relationship of sleep characteristics with psychoneurophysiologic parameters in middle-aged and elderly individuals living in the European North of Russia

The objective of the study was to evaluate the correlation of sleep disorders with cognitive impairment, depression, and P300 cognitive evoked potential (EP) parameters in middle-aged and elderly individuals living in the European North. Methods and materials. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023–2024. A random sample of Arkhangelsk residents aged 45–74 years (N = 937) was observed. The Montreal Cognitive Function Assessment Scale (MoCa), Beck Depression Scale, a questionnaire for the assessment of subjective characteristics of sleep, electroencephalogram with registration of EP P300 parameters were used. Results. It was found that in both genders sleep disorders were associated with the presence of symptoms of depression. In women, sleep disorders were also associated with an age-associated increase in P300 EP latency, which may be an early sign of cognitive decline, and in men — with an increase in P300 EP amplitude, which is characteristic of anxiety-depressive disorders.