Key result
Smoking is linked to ~89% lower odds of elevated oxidized LDL in AMI patients.
Why the study?
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) plays a critical role in atherosclerosis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), prompting an evaluation of serum Ox-LDL levels and their associations with cardiometabolic and sociodemographic risk factors among AMI patients in Bangladesh.
Are cardiometabolic and sociodemographic risk factors associated with elevated serum oxidized LDL levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction in Bangladesh?
Cross-Sectional (n=276)
No
Are cardiometabolic and sociodemographic risk factors associated with elevated serum oxidized LDL levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction in Bangladesh?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Elevated serum oxidized LDL is present in 85.5% of Bangladeshi AMI patients—particularly those with STEMI—and is strongly linked to modifiable cardiometabolic risk factors like smoking and diabetes, supporting its utility as a biomarker for cardiovascular risk stratification.
Background: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) plays a critical role in atherosclerosis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by promoting endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and plaque rupture. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate serum Ox-LDL levels and their associations with major cardiometabolic and sociodemographic risk factors among AMI patients in Bangladesh. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 276 AMI patients (aged 31–70 years) admitted to Chittagong Medical College Hospital from July 2018 to June 2019. Serum Ox-LDL was quantified using ELISA, and data were analyzed using IBM SPSS v26. Associations were tested using t-tests, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression, while model performance was evaluated via ROC curve analysis. Results: Elevated Ox-LDL levels were observed in 85.5% of patients, with a significantly higher prevalence among STEMI cases (72.8%, p =0.002). Ox-LDL was strongly associated with smoking (p <0.001), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.001), hypertension (p <0.001), waist circumference (p =0.034), triglycerides (p <0.001), and LDL cholesterol (p =0.001). Smoking (OR ≈ 0.11, p <0.001) and diabetes (OR ≈ 0.28, p =0.013) emerged as independent predictors. The logistic regression model explained 37% of Ox-LDL variance (Nagelkerke R² =0.369) with 88.4% classification accuracy. ROC analysis demonstrated strong discriminative power (AUC =0.842; 95% CI: 0.757–0.928; p <0.001). Conclusion: Elevated Ox-LDL is highly prevalent among Bangladeshi AMI patients and significantly associated with metabolic and lifestyle risk factors. Incorporating Ox-LDL measurement into clinical assessment may improve cardiovascular risk prediction and guide targeted preventive strategies.
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Barua et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (n=276). Cardiometabolic and sociodemographic risk factors (smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, central obesity) vs. Normal serum oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) levels (<60 U/L) or absence of risk factors was evaluated on Elevated serum oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) levels (OR 0.111, p=<0.001). Elevated serum oxidized LDL was present in 85.5% of AMI patients and independently predicted by smoking (OR 0.11, p<0.001) and diabetes (OR 0.28, p=0.013) with an AUC of 0.842.
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