Combating human trafficking at major events through transportation

Large-scale events such as the 2026 FIFA World Cup and the 2028 Olympic Games will place significant pressure on transportation systems while also increasing risks of human trafficking and exploitation. Although transportation networks can facilitate trafficking activity, they also offer critical opportunities for detection and intervention. Drawing on a California Senate Bill 1-funded research initiative, this study examines how transportation systems can support anti-trafficking efforts during large-scale events through a multi-method research approach. The study incorporated input from multidisciplinary stakeholders—including transportation professionals, law enforcement agencies, nonprofit organizations, emergency management personnel, and survivors of human trafficking—to identify current practices, challenges, and opportunities related to trafficking prevention and response. In addition, a case study of Super Bowl LVIII, conducted in collaboration with the South Bay Coalition to End Human Trafficking, explored real-time coordination, reporting, and data-sharing practices during a major event. Findings indicate that strong regional partnerships, clear communication protocols, targeted training, and standardized reporting systems improve the ability of transportation personnel to identify and respond to potential trafficking activity. However, inconsistent training, fragmented data collection, and limited interagency data sharing reduce the effectiveness of current strategies. The findings also demonstrate that trafficking risks extend beyond host cities, underscoring the need for regional and multimodal approaches to prevention and response. Based on these findings, the study developed practical tools to support transportation agencies and frontline personnel. Integrating anti-trafficking strategies into transportation planning and event preparedness can strengthen public safety and improve protection for vulnerable populations during large-scale events.