Social Media Exposure and Premarital Sexual Behavior Among Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review Through the Health Belief Model

Premarital sexual behavior among adolescents is a reproductive health issue influenced by individual, social, and environmental factors. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between social media exposure, the Health Belief Model (HBM), and adolescent premarital sexual behavior. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA framework through Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Semantic Scholar. The literature selection process resulted in 20 articles for in-depth synthesis based on predefined inclusion criteria and relevance assessment. The findings indicate that social media exposure is associated with adolescent sexual behavior, although its influence varies depending on the type of information accessed and adolescents’ knowledge. HBM components, including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action, demonstrate varying associations with preventive behavior. Knowledge, peer influence, and parental supervision also contribute to adolescent sexual behavior. Integrating HBM-based education with digital literacy and reproductive health promotion may support more responsible sexual health behavior among adolescents.