Factors associated with five year overall survival in a retrospective cohort of 98 patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, immunophenotypes, serum laboratory markers and prognostic factors associated with 5-year overall survival (OS) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods A total of 98 patients with pathologically confirmed DLBCL admitted across 13 clinical departments were retrospectively enrolled. Baseline clinical data, serum biomarkers and follow-up survival information were collected. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimal cut-off values of laboratory parameters. The Log-rank test was used for univariate survival analysis. Results The cohort included 98 Patients. Cervical lymph nodes were the most common primary lesion site. The median interval from symptom onset to hospitalization was 6.02 months. Lung, lymph node, kidney, bone marrow or central nervous system (CNS) involvement was associated with poorer outcomes. Male sex, high International Prognostic Index (IPI) risk, activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype, and elevated LDH (> 198 U/L), ALP (> 75.5 U/L), β₂-MG (> 3.125 mg/L), MUM1 expression were adverse prognostic factors. whereas CD10 expression predicted favorable survival. LDH showed the strongest prognostic value. Conclusions DLBCL presents with diverse clinical manifestations and easily leading to diagnostic delay. Combined evaluation of clinical manifestations, serum indicators and immunophenotyping may improve risk stratification and individualized management.