Two New European Gregarious Species of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Provisionally Assigned to the Genus Parapanteles Ashmead, 1900, Reared from Different Heterogynis Species (Lepidoptera: Heterogynidae) in the Iberian Peninsula

The Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are a diverse group of parasitoid wasps that attack larval Lepidoptera, but their associations with Heterogynidae remain unknown. Here, we describe two new species reared as gregarious parasitoids from mature larvae of Heterogynis species in the Iberian Peninsula. Parapanteles heterogynidis sp. nov. was reared from Heterogynis canalensis in northern Spain, whereas P. lusitanicus sp. nov. was reared from H. cynetis in southern Portugal. Species identification and generic placement were assessed using morphological characters and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) DNA barcodes. The two species share several morphological features consistent with Parapanteles, and their COI sequences form a distinct cluster in analyses including Parapanteles, Dolichogenidea, Pholetesor, and Apanteles. However, the analyses did not recover Parapanteles as monophyletic, and COI data alone were insufficient to resolve the generic limits. These species represent the first records of Microgastrinae parasitizing Heterogynidae and the first record of Parapanteles from Europe.