Early Orthodontic Treatment in Turkey: Perceived Training Adequacy and Self-Reported Practices Among Pediatric Dentistry Trainees and Specialists

Background/Objectives: Early orthodontic assessment may facilitate timely recognition and management of developing malocclusions. This study evaluated perceived training adequacy, attitudes, and self-reported early orthodontic treatment (EOT) practices among pediatric dentistry trainees and specialists in Turkey. Methods: This cross-sectional online survey included 205 participants recruited through convenience sampling. Of these, 98 non-providers reported reasons for not providing EOT, while 107 providers completed the clinical practice and digital technology sections. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square or exact tests, and rank-based tests for ordinal importance ratings. Results: Only 12.7% considered their EOT training adequate, although 97.6% desired further education; 52.2% reported providing EOT. Insufficient knowledge and lack of equipment were the leading reasons for non-provision. Among providers, crossbite was the most frequently encountered condition requiring EOT; removable expansion appliances were most frequently used; and child non-cooperation and clinician-perceived parental indifference were the leading barriers. Overall, 41.1% used at least one listed digital tool. Intraoral scanner use was more frequent among specialists than trainees (45.2% vs. 14.7%; p = 0.002). Conclusions: Respondents generally considered EOT important despite low perceived training adequacy and variation in self-reported practice. Structured clinical education and clearer referral pathways may be beneficial. Convenience sampling and self-reported outcomes limit generalizability and do not provide objective measures of competence.