Ocular in Situ Gel-Based Drug Delivery System: Recent Development

Promise for improved therapeutic results in the area of drug delivery to the eyes. Because drugs are quickly lost before they reach the cornea, standard ophthalmic formulations struggle to deliver drugs to the eye, an essential organ. With a focus on cutting-edge dosage forms, such as in situ gels, this review investigates novel drug delivery strategies for ocular administration. By extending the duration of drug interaction in the eyes, this technique seeks to address the problems with conventional delivery methods' bioavailability. The paper further details in situ gelation techniques, emphasising ion-activated, temperature-dependent, and pH-triggered systems. It investigates the creation of in situ gels using excipients such as polymers and solubilising agents. A full description of the commonly utilised polymers and their uses in ocular medication delivery is provided. Research on the use of nanoparticles in this gelling method to deliver drugs to the eyes. Techniques for assessing in situ gels are described, such as pH measurement, rheological investigations, drug content analysis, in vitro gelation, accelerated stability tests, and FTIR analysis. The benefits and uses of in situ gels are examined, as well as their drawbacks. The advantages of innovative ocular drug delivery systems—especially in situ ophthalmic systems, which provide regulated and prolonged drug release—as well as the prospects for in situ gels are highlighted in the review's conclusion.