Functionalization of Carbon Materials by Nitric Acid Treatment

The literature data published in recent years on the functionalization of carbon materials under the influence of HNO3 are systematized. Graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, and mesoporous carbon material type of the SibunitTM were considered as carbon materials. The article presents modern concepts of the mechanism of acid treatment of carbon materials, which determine the efficiency of functionalization and also influence their physicochemical characteristics (structure, strength characteristics, etc.). The conducted analysis allows us to provide recommendations for the functionalization of carbon materials that differ in degree of ordering.